Shifted excitation resonance Raman difference spectroscopy system suitable for the quantitative in vivo detection of carotenoids in human skin
M. Braune1, M. Maiwald1, M.E. Darvin2, B. Eppich1, B. Sumpf1, J. Lademann2 and G. Tränkle1,3
Published in:
Laser Phys. Lett., vol. 15, no. 11, pp. 115601 (2018).
Abstract:
A system for shifted excitation resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRDS) suitable for the application in medical practice for the in vivo detection of carotenoids in human skin is presented. This system comprises a miniaturized (150 mm × 27 mm × 12 mm) handheld probe and a wavelength-tunable diode laser-based 488 nm SHG light source. The diode laser provides two closely spaced excitation wavelengths. In parallel with the resonance excitation of carotenoids in the skin, SERRDS separates the fluorescence background from the Raman peaks. Inhomogeneities of human skin are averaged by the applied spot diameter of 3 mm. The implemented optics are designed for a detection of carotenoids over the whole excitation spot area. The system was calibrated using skin phantoms, resulting in a detection limit of 0.03 nmol g-1 (beta-carotene per gram of skin/tissue) which is more than one order of magnitude below the average beta-carotene concentration in human skin.
1 Ferdinand-Braun-Institut, Leibniz-Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik, Gustav-Kirchhoff-Str. 4, 12489 Berlin, Germany
2 Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
3 Technische Universität Berlin, Fakultät IV, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin
Keywords:
Raman spectroscopy, shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy, carotenoids in human skin, laser diodes
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